Nueva variedad de papa ÑUST`A–CICA resistente a Phytophthora infestans (Mont. de Bary)

Abstract

The Research Center of Andean Crops Andean (CICA), of the National University of San Antonio Abad of Cusco (UNSAAC), Its primary objective in its potato program is the genetic improvement of native potato cultivars. This research work corresponds to the specific breeding objectives for disease resistance, tuber yield, and culinary quality. CICA delivered the new variety of potato “ÑUST`A-CICA”, as a new technological alternative, with superior agronomic characteristics for the use of farmers in the region and the country. The UNSAAC through the Vice-Rectorate for Research between 2011 and 2015; subsidized the Ex situ Conservation Research Project of Potato Germplasm and Variety Liberation, which made it possible to finance the last phase of this research.  The variety ÑUST`A-CICA, after 16 years of evaluation, showed productive stability with an average tuber yield of more than 40 t.ha^-1, quality of tuber, yellow meat with 26% of dry matter, and high resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont de Bary). A low incidence of Sclerotinia is observed, also of PVX, PVY and PLRV.

The long period of evaluation allows to affirm that this variety shows the non-preference of the insects Premnotrypes spp., Tequus spp., Atomopteryx spp., and in storage for the potato moth, Phthorimaea operculella and Synmestrichema tangolias, showed low percentages of damage. There is no definitive information on nematode resistance, with sporadic damage to Globodera spp. in the roots. A genetic marker characteristic of ÑUST’A-CICA is its self-incompatibility, having viable pollen and receptive stigmas, proven in other crosses.

keywords: Variety, native, tetraploid, yield, diseases