Diversidad genética de papas de comunidades Andinas Venezolanas, mediante caracterización morfológica, molecular y polínica.

Abstract

In the communities of the state of Merida-Venezuela, the production of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), one of the main agricultural products, where the wild species coexist, the so-called native and unnamed, the commercial varieties and the promising clones, which they are cultivated in many cases in an indistinct manner. The introduction of foreign varieties, both native, commercial and improved, have led to the gradual replacement of local varieties, accentuating the disappearance of our gene pool. Therefore, the characterization of local varieties is required, in order to determine their identification and diversity, as a fundamental principle for their preservation as an intangible heritage of our communities and their contribution to the country's food security. With this objective we have a concert in which we present the morphological, molecular and political characteristics of the Germoplasm samples located in the Experimental Field "Dr. Eduardo Ortega Cartaya", from different locations in the state of Mérida, as well as the samples located directly in the areas of the Merida region. A first characterization was obtained of 29 samples that correspond to molecular, morphological and political expressions that allow their identification and registration over time. From the statistical analyzes, it was possible to discriminate and group at a morphological, pollen and molecular level, which allowed to identify varieties with high potential to ensure the preservation of both wild, native and commercial local varieties.